Case study analysis Postoperative sore throat Essay Paper

Introduction

This paper describes a 16-year-old boy who comes to the clinic with a chief complaint of a sore throat for three days. He denies having a history of fever and chills. His past medical history is negative for recurrent colds, influenza, ear infections, or pneumonia. He has no known history of food and drug allergy. Physical examination reveals temp of 99.6 F, pulse 78, and regular respirations of 18 cycles. The head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat are normal with exception of the reddened posterior pharynx with white exudate on tonsils that are enlarged to 3+. He has positive anterior and posterior cervical adenopathy. The rapid strep test performed in the office was positive. His healthcare provider prescribed amoxicillin 500 mg per oral 12 hours x 10 days dispensed #20. The patient took the first capsule when he got home and immediately complained of swelling of his tongue and lips, difficulty breathing with audible wheezing. I will also analyze the patient’s symptoms and the examination findings explaining the pathophysiology, microorganisms involved, and the effects of immunosuppression in the body. Case study analysis Postoperative sore throat Essay Paper

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Acute Tonsillitis

Sore throat is the pain or irritation of the throat that occurs with or without swallowing. Often it is accompanied by infections such as cold or flu. The most common causes are viral infections such as pharyngitis or bacterial infections such as streptococcal infection (El‐Boghdadly, et al, 2016). Viral infections present with painful swallowing, fatigue, and running nose. Bacterial infections present with fever and pus at the tonsil glands (El‐Boghdadly, et al, 2016). Other symptoms associated with a sore throat are swollen and red tonsils, muffled voice, swollen, red glands at the neck or jaw, white patches or pus at the tonsils, and difficulty in swallowing. The patient’s probable diagnosis is acute tonsillitis secondary to streptococcus bacteria because of the sore throat, reddened posterior pharynx, the white exudate at the tonsil gland, and the positive rapid streptococcus test. The drug of choice for this patient is penicillin to clear the infection. Case study analysis Postoperative sore throat Essay Paper

Penicillin Reaction

The patient developed an amoxicillin-induced reaction because he presented with swelling of the tongue, lips, difficulty in breathing, and audible wheeze after taking his medication. A drug allergy is an allergic reaction whereby the immune system fights the disease and the drug (Shenoy, et al, 2019). This immune response causes increased inflammation that leads to fever, rash, swelling, troubled breathing, and hives. A severe drug allergy is known as anaphylactic shock which is a sudden, life-threatening whole-body reaction of a drug that occurs within minutes or twelve hours after taking the medication. For this patient, the swelling of the lips and the tongue is due to the release of histamine and other chemicals in the bloodstream. Difficulties in breathing and wheezing are a result of swelling and narrowing of the airway caused by the production of histamine and other chemicals by the mast cells. During the reaction, the inflammation leads to increased mucus secretions along the airway that causes an audible wheeze and difficulties in breathing (Shenoy, et al, 2019). The patient was rushed to the emergency department for immediate intervention. Delayed intervention may lead to drug-induced anemia, nephritis, steven johnson syndrome, and serum sickness. However, the patient should be warned against taking the medication to prevent a recurrence (Shenoy, et al, 2019). In addition to that, the patient is educated to inform the healthcare provider of a pre-existing drug allergy or wear a bracelet.

Advanced Pathophysiology

Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis

An understanding of cells and cell behavior is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. But some diseases can be complex in nature, with a variety of factors and circumstances impacting their emergence and severity.

Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond isolated cell behavior. Genes, the environments in which cell processes operate, the impact of patient characteristics, and racial and ethnic variables all can have an important impact.

Photo Credit: Getty Images/Hero Images

An understanding of the signals and symptoms of alterations in cellular processes is a critical step in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs, this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.

In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify cell, gene, and/or process elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health. Case study analysis Postoperative sore throat Essay Paper

To prepare:

By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.

The Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)

Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis in which you:

• Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.
• Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
• Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.

By Day 7 of Week 2

Submit your Case Study Analysis Assignment by Day 7 of Week 2.

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

• Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “M1Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
• Click the Module 1 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
• Click the Module 1 Assignment link. You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
• Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer button. Find the document you saved as “M1Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
• If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
• Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.

Grading Criteria

To access your rubric:

Module 1 Assignment Rubric

Check Your Assignment Draft for Authenticity

To check your Assignment draft for authenticity:

Submit your Module 1 Assignment draft and review the originality report.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 2

To participate in this Assignment: Case study analysis Postoperative sore throat Essay Paper

Module 1 Assignment

• Week Two Case Study Scenario

Posted on: Monday, June 7, 2021 6:00:00 AM EDT

Please be sure that you read through the week two case study analysis materials in order to know what is needed to fulfill the assignment.

Please be mindful of the rubric for the assignment. It is critical to your development that you understand the significance of learning how to integrate your critical thought and analysis specific to the case scenario presented. While there is not a real person in front of you, the specifics of the case scenario are representative of how a patient may present to you. Please be sure that as you answer the writing prompts from the rubric, that you are very clear and concise in your response to the rubric content.

PAGE LENGTH

The page length of notes 1 to 2 pages, however, it is very difficult at this stage (the beginning of the course), For you to write a thorough and complete analysis of the case scenario. I do not takeoff points for assignments that go over two pages. Please do not let this be a hindrance to your completion of thoroughly completing the assignment, which should reflect your critical thought and analysis of the writing assignment. Case study analysis Postoperative sore throat Essay Paper

Please reach out to me should you have any questions. Happy writing!

WEEK TWO CASE SCENARIO

A 16-year-old boy comes to clinic with chief complaint of sore throat for 3 days. Denies fever or chills. PMH negative for recurrent colds, influenza, ear infections or pneumonias. NKDA or food allergies. Physical exam reveals temp of 99.6 F, pulse 78 and regular with respirations of 18. HEENT normal with exception of reddened posterior pharynx with white exudate on tonsils that are enlarged to 3+. Positive anterior and posterior cervical adenopathy. Rapid strep test performed in office was positive. His HCP wrote a prescription for amoxicillin 500 mg po q 12 hours x 10 days disp #20. He took the first capsule when he got home and immediately complained of swelling of his tongue and lips, difficulty breathing with audible wheezing. 911 was called and he was taken to the hospital, where he received emergency treatment for his allergic reaction.

Posted by: Yvette Glenn

Posted to: NURS-6501N-43-Advanced Pathophysiology-QTR-Term-wks-1-thru-11-(05/31/2021-08/15/2021)-PT27

• Welcome to Week Two!

Posted on: Monday, June 7, 2021 6:00:00 AM EDT

Class, welcome Week Two! This week we will be exploring altered physiology. I would encourage you to review the introduction to Week Two, where you will learn more about altered physiology and also the learning objectives for this week.

There are required learning resources which include required readings and media this week. In addition, you have Module One Assignment : Case Study Analysis due this week. Please be sure to fully and thoroughly read through the module one assignment case study analysis.

There you will find directions on how to prepare for the assignment and when the assignment should be submitted. Please use the case scenario assigned during week one. Case study analysis Postoperative sore throat Essay Paper

Hopefully you’re beginning to settle in! Pathophysiology is a fun course, but there is much to learn!

Happy learning!

Dr. Glenn

Rubric Detail

Select Grid View or List View to change the rubric’s layout.

Name: NURS_6501_Module1_Case Study _Assignment _Rubric

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• List View
  

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References

Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis An understanding of cells and cell behavior is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. But some diseases can be complex in nature, with a variety of factors and circumstances impacting their emergence and severity. Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond isolated cell behavior. Genes, the environments in which cell processes operate, the impact of patient characteristics, and racial and ethnic variables all can have an important impact. Photo Credit: Getty Images/Hero Images An understanding of the signals and symptoms of alterations in cellular processes is a critical step in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs, this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans. In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify cell, gene, and/or process elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.

El‐Boghdadly, K., Bailey, C. R., & Wiles, M. D. (2016). Postoperative sore throat: a systematic review. Anaesthesia, 71(6), 706-717.

Shenoy, E. S., Macy, E., Rowe, T., & Blumenthal, K. G. (2019). Evaluation and management of penicillin allergy: a review. Jama, 321(2), 188-199. Case study analysis Postoperative sore throat Essay Paper