Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Paper
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Paper
Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea (OSAH) has been on the rise for the last 50 years and has resulted to significant mortality and morbidity in well-developed and developing countries. It has also been noted to be a major cause of sleepiness during daytime (Senaratna et al., 2017). Most patients with this condition usually present early to primary care settings and early recognition and diagnosis can prompt effective management with improved quality of life. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Paper
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Patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea often present with a positive history of excessive somnolence during the day, loud snoring, choking while sleeping, sexual dysfunction, headaches in the morning and nocturia. Research also reveals that up to 90% of patients with OSAH are obese and have signs of narrowing of the upper airways on physical examination. The narrowing of the airways is what often results to breathing problems when sleeping (Senaratna et al., 2017). However, it should be noted that no all clients who present with daytime somnolence have obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea. In comparison, other factors can also result to daytime sleepiness such as insufficient sleep, narcolepsy, medications such as stimulants and sedatives and bad sleeping habits. Therefore, any suspicion for OSAH should include a thorough and comprehensive history on routines for bedtime and sleep time. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Paper
A more accurate diagnosis can also be obtained through the Epworth Sleepiness Scale Questionnaire whereby a score that is more than 10 of 24 reveals that he/she has excess daytime somnolence. The STOP-BANG Questionnaire which is highly sensitive and feasible can also later be used which has a total of 8 questions and a score of more than or equal to 3 indicates a high risk for OSAH (Chung, Abdullah & Liao, 2016). Patients at high risk can undergo sleeping test evaluations either through a polysomnograph.
References
Chung, F., Abdullah, H. R., & Liao, P. (2016). STOP-Bang questionnaire: a practical approach to screen for obstructive sleep apnea. Chest, 149(3), 631-638.
Senaratna, C. V., Perret, J. L., Lodge, C. J., Lowe, A. J., Campbell, B. E., Matheson, M. C., & Dharmage, S. C. (2017). Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in the general population: a systematic review. Sleep medicine reviews, 34, 70-81. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Paper
